Extensively Drug Resistant Tuberculosis: A Mini Review
نویسندگان
چکیده
Extensively drug resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) has recently emerged as a global health problem and pose a significant threat to TB control programmes. XDR-TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to at least isoniazid (INH), rifampin (RIF), any fluoroquinolone (FQs) and any of the three second line injectable drugs [amikacin, kanamycin (aminoglycosides) or capreomycin (polypeptide)]. Banerjee et al (2008). Pre XDR-TB are those MDR-TB isolates which are resistant to a FQ or an injectable agent, but not both. These strains are essentially one mutation away from becoming XDR. (WHO report 2008, Daniel (2013).
منابع مشابه
Resistance in tuberculosis: what do we know and where can we go?
Tuberculosis (TB) has become a worldwide threat, mainly due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). This mini-review is focused on the various mechanisms of resistance to the currently available anti-TB drugs and provides perspective on novel strategies and lead scaffolds/compounds aimed at inhibiting/overco...
متن کاملWhy and How the Old Neuroleptic Thioridazine Cures the XDR-TB Patient
This mini-review provides the entire experimental history of the development of the old neuroleptic thioridazine (TZ) for therapy of antibiotic resistant pulmonary tuberculosis infections. TZ is effective when used in combination with antibiotics to which the initial Mycobacterium tuberculosis was resistant. Under proper cardiac evaluation procedures, the use of TZ is safe and does not produce ...
متن کاملAnti-Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Effects of Folk Medicinal Plants in Iran: A Mini-Systematic Review
The emergence of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a major challenge in tuberculosis treatment and control. In addition, multidrug resistance (MDR) and, more broadly, extensive drug resistance (XDR) have hampered treatment with common antibiotics. Thus, an herbal medicine containing antimicrobial capability can be a good alternative to antituberculosis drugs. In this study, we re...
متن کاملNanomedicine for tuberculosis: Insights from animal models
Patient noncompliance to current tuberculosis (TB) therapy owing to multidrug administration daily leads to treatment failure and emergence of multidrug resistant and extensively drug resistant TB. To avoid the daily dosing, application of nanotechnology is the only viable solution by virtue of sustained release of drugs. Other potential advantages of the system include the possibility of selec...
متن کاملAuthor's response to reviews Title: Genotyping and clinical characteristics of multidrug and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis from a tertiary care tuberculosis hospital in China Authors:
Title: Genotyping and clinical characteristics of multidrug and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis from a tertiary care tuberculosis hospital in China
متن کامل